Radar, satellite communications and 5G NR use AAS with phased array antennas for beamforming. Hybrid beamforming combines the flexibility of digital beamforming with the efficiency of analog beamforming.
Increasing integration enables compact and cost-efficient AAS. To achieve accurate, reliable and efficient beamforming,...
The industry needed a useful, functional model of the Internet of Things (IoT) to frame recent developments in the space. But Moor Insights & Strategy could not find one that was sufficiently vendor-neutral, technology-neutral, and jargon-neutral, and at the same time, both simple to understand and comprehensive. This...
A customer of Hitex was in the acquisition phase of a new project: the development of a Battery Management System (BMS). The main focus was a high voltage battery management system for a road vehicle.
The customer needed a suitable controller, and required help in terms of functional safety and security and overall...
Published: Feb 17, 2022
Design and verification engineers will be learning the importance of ensuring a stable operation and of reducing the risk of failure after any change over the product’s lifetime. Both require a solid characterization of the memory interface.
We will be discussing test and tool requirements such as bandwidth,...
This in-depth white paper guides you through the choices and weighs key design considerations to help you pick the right transceiver. It reviews the most typical RS-485 ICs and explore the most common design considerations. Then it examines electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection and compare the Human Body Model (HBM)...
Vector Network Analysers (VNA) are gaining popularity in the Signal Integrity community as Time Domain Measurement and Analysis tools.
VNAs with 8 ports or more can provide significant decreases in test time by migrating from a 4-port measurement system to an 8-port measurement system. For tight tolerance DUTs...
True or false: 30 dBm + 30 dBm = 60 dBm? Why does 1% work out to be -40 dB one time but then 0.1 dB or 0.05 dB the next time? These questions sometimes leave even experienced engineers scratching their heads. Decibels are found everywhere, including power levels, voltages, reflection coefficients, noise figures, field...
Published: Mar 22, 2021
With the rapid spread of the IoT, many devices that were not connected to a network in the past increasingly require the integration of a communication module function. Conversely, the number and severity of security threats are also on the rise. Microcontrollers therefore must meet a range of demands, including smaller...
Safety, availability, and cost considerations can make performing thorough tests of embedded control devices
using the complete system impractical.
Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation is a real-time test technique used to test these devices more efficiently.
During HIL test, the physical system that interfaces...
Published: Jan 01, 2021
Multi-hop mesh protocols, such as Zigbee® , are getting a lot of press for their ability to link together low data-rate Machine-to-Machine (M2M) applications. Zigbee, in particular, is targeting itself as the standard bearer for wireless, low-power meshing protocols. Many of the features of a Zigbee solution touch...
The Internet of Things (IoT) has nearly eclipsed the splendor of “big data”—in fact, it’s enveloping big data into a much larger, more promising concept. And to prepare for IoT, companies in all sectors must build a connected device strategy that makes sense—from both a financial and logistical...
To ensure the stability of voltage regulators and switchedmode power supplies, the control loop behavior must be measured and characterized. A well compensating voltage controller enables stable output voltages and reduces the influence of load changes and supply voltage variations. The quality of this control circuit...
Magnetic Hall effect sensors prevail in position sensing applications across a variety of markets. This is a result of the robust, versatile, cost effective and non-contact performance of Hall effect sensors. Growth in the use of these sensors has been steady for several decades. The expected annual revenue generated by...
The need to respond to changing market standards in a compressed time to market window has led to the widespread use of programmable logic devices (PLDs) in a broad range of consumer applications. While development of application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and application specific standard parts (ASSPs) requires...
